By
Ramki, III year of B.A.,LL.B.
Introduction
Doping is the use of the banned substance in competitive sports. Doping is the term widely used by the organization. These drugs are also known as Performance-Enhancing Drugs (PEDs) and the drugs are used in athletes to improve their performance.
The origin of doping in sports goes back to the very creation of sports. In ancient times, usage of doping in chariot racing and recently in baseball, cycling and popular views in athletes.
The fuss about doping
● Drugs are used like, street drugs, stimulants, anabolic steroids, anti-estrogens, peptide hormones, beta-2 agonists, diuretics, blood doping and manipulation of gene performance but have harmful effects, side effects for long-lasting and health risks.
●The international sports organization banned doping drugs. Drugs are considered unethical and which are against the spirits of sports.
●The athlete consumes drugs and he gets an unfair advantage over clean athletes. The banned drugs shall propagate a level of playing field.
● In world 2019, India had the 7th rank in committing doping violations.
Health risks about doping
● In cardiovascular, it affects irregular heart rhythm, elevated blood pressure, heart attack and sudden death.
● In the central nervous system, it affects insomnia, anxiousness, depression, aggressive behaviour, headache, tremor and stroke.
● In respiratory, it affects nose bleeds and sinusitis.
● Changes in Hormonal like infertility, gynecomastia(enlarged breast), decreased testicular size, low sex drive and Cancer.
Anti-doping organization
● World Anti- Doping Agency (WADA)
● National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA)
WADA
● The World Anti-Doping Agency is the international agency and has the largest anti-doping organization established by the International Olympics Committee which promotes, regulates, monitors, coordinates and supervises the fight against the drugs in sports.
●The key activity of the agency which includes scientific research, education, development of Anti-Doping capacities. UNESCO enforces the international convention against doping in sports.
NADA
●National Anti-Doping Agency is the national organisation. In India, it is responsible for promoting, coordinating and monitoring control of the doping program.
●The National Anti-Doping Agency is also dealing with the adoption and implementation in anti-doping rules and policies with the World Anti-Doping Agency.
● It is not only for the handing down punishment to offender doping but also for making them aware of the usage of the prohibited substance.
Why do athletes resort to doping
● Athletes' career in India begins with the winning of the medals which follows many prizes, money, frame and fortune. The Athletes had pressure from a variety of sources to achieve more things.
● Ranging from coaches, families and fans, everybody had to push an athlete to use the drugs or banned substances for the gain of strength for their sports.
● The major factors of doping especially at the grassroots are lack of awareness on athletes, coaches and other stakeholders.
● There is no proper governance mechanism that has tracked doping control programs in India and is influenced by the political.
Kiren Rijiju on doping scandals in India
● Kiren Rijiju is the sports minister of India. He becomes a cleaner of the sporting nation not just by reporting the cases but also educating the failed person due to sheer ignorance.
● Kiren said that there is a need to promote a culture of clean sports in India, so the image of the country is not tarnished when they are caught for doping abroad.
● In the year 2019, over 150 athletes failed the doping tests, where bodybuilding comprised more than one-third of the total list. The most violators in sporting disciplines of bodybuilding (70), weightlifting (60), athletics(55), powerlifting (40) and wrestling (20).
● In this violation, the culptate are the coaches and doctors who guide them wrongly and eventually ruin their careers.
Doping scandals that shook India
The Athletes have been suspended by the sporting committee or body ( international governing body, national federation or professional league) for illegal performance drug or banned drugs.
● A court of law found to have an illegal performance-enhancing drug.
● Sporting body suspended for the failure to submit to mandatory drug testing.
Doping scandal person's in India
Yusuf Pathan (cricketer)
Yusuf Pathan had tested positive for the terbutaline during a domestic game in 2017 in Delhi. The BCCI had banned him for the five-month in January.
Narsingh Yadav (wrestling)
In the 2016 Olympic, one day before heading to Rio de Janeiro, the freestyle wrestler tested positive for methandienone, a banned anabolic steroid. Yadav alleged there was a conspiracy to prevent him from a shot at glory. He was banned for four years.
Seema Punia (Discus Throw)
Seema Punia was tested positive for a banned drug in 2000 and stripped of the gold she won at a chile event. Later she was tested for another banned substance positive but was cleared of the charges by AFI.
Conclusion
Doping is an illegal offence in competitive sports. Most of the sports persons used doping for their more achievement in careers. Doping in sport is becoming a social issue because of the prevalence and effect. Athletes using banned substances are encouraging young people, who are making him as a role model. In this scandal, science plays a vital role in use to perform drugs.